英语句子成分(英文中的句子成分)

2022-10-01 10:14:55 发布:网友投稿
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英语句子成分(英文中的句子成分)


因为语法是造句的规矩,学习语法也是为了能造句,能懂得句子的意思,所以咱们学语法先从句型开端。句子是由一个个的单词构成,这些单词在句子中又充任了不同的成分。因此,在讲句型之前,先简略介绍下句子成分。

英文当中有8大句子成分,分离是:

一、主语(subject):解释位于动作或状况的履行者,一般在谓动词前面

The girlshad been swimming.

The new teachercame in.

二、谓语(predicate):描写主语的行动动作或所处状况,谓语动词有人称、数、时态和语态变更

The girls had been swimming.

The new teachercame in.

三、表语(predicative):解释主语的特点、类属、状况、身份等,位于系动词后面

A poor man is not necessarily unhappy.

That iswhere your mistakes are.

【扩大知识-系动词】

在英语中,除了be动词以外,还有以下系动词:

1)表现主语特点状况的,如:

feel/look/sound/taste/smell/seem/appear…

2) 表现主语由一种状况改变为另一种状况的,如:

become/fall/go/grow/turn/get/come…

3) 表现主语坚持或持续某种状况的,如:

continue/remain/stay/keep/hold/rest/prove…


四、宾语(object):指一个动作的接收者,分为单宾语、双宾语(直接宾语、间接宾语)、复合宾语(指宾语+宾语补足语)

I can't hearthe TV. Would you please turn it up?(单宾语)

Ruth gave Laurena nice bunch of flowers. (Lauren是间接宾语,a nice bunch of flowers是直接宾语)

We find her an honest girl. (宾语+宾语补足语)

五、补足语(complement):解释宾语或主语的性质、状况的

His daughter was elected manager of the company.

They became good friendsdespite the mistake.

六、状语(adverbial):用来润饰动词、形容词、副词或句子的一种成分,可以表现时光、地点、方法、比拟、水平、原因、目标、成果、资源网条件和妥协。

Suddenly, it started to rain heavily.

You probably won't notice it after a while.

When I've poured the drinks,I'll get some biscuits for you.

七、定语(attr资源网ibute):用来描写名词或代词的润饰语,有些定语放在被润饰词前面,叫前置定语;有些放在被润饰词后面,叫作后置定语

Many people like boiledwater than pure water.

The scientists present at the meeting were from different countries.

八、同位语(appositive):一个名词(或其它情势)对另一个名词或代词进行说明或弥补解释,这个名词(或其它情势)就是同位语

The English Department has two foreign teachers, an Australian and an American.

This term weeach bought an e-dictio资源网nary.


若你看完上述内容,试试看能否说出下列句子成分吧(答案见下期)

  1. I can't stand the heat.

  2. I sent you an E-mail.

  3. You can leave the door open.

  4. He speaks English well.

  5. A good knowledge of grammar is important to good writing.


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